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OSPF,IGRP ,EIGRP Multiple Choice Questions

OSPF,IGRP ,EIGRP Multiple Choice Questions



851. What is the extended IPX access list range?
A.) 901-1000
B.) 100-199
C.) 900-999
D.) 1000-1000
Ans C
852. CPE is an acronym for which of the following?
A.) Customer Premise Equipment
B.) Central Processing Engineering
C.) Customer Process Equipment
D.) Central Processing Equipment
Ans A
853. How often does IP RIP send out routing table updates by default?
A.) They send complete updates every 30 seconds
B.) They send partial updates every 30 seconds
C.) They send complete updates every 60 seconds
D.) They send partial updates every 60 seconds
Ans A
854 Which ISDN protocol prefix specifies switching and signalling?
A.) I
B.) E
C.) Q
D.) S
Ans Q
855. CSMA/CD stand for which of the following? A.) Carrier Sense, Multiple Access with Collision Detection
B.) Collision Sense, Multiple Access with Collision Detection
C.) Collision Sense, Multiple Access with Carrier Detection
D.) Carrier Sense, MAC address with Collision Detection
Ans B
856. Which of the following are Distance Vector protocols?
A.) IGRP
B.) RIP
C.) OSFP
D.) EIGRP
Ans A B
857. UDP works at which layer of the DOD model?
A.) Internet
B.) Host-to-Host
C.) Transport
D.) Data Link
Ans B
858. Of the following switching types, which one has the lowest latency?
A.) Cut-through
B.) Fragment Free
C.) None
D.) Store-and-forward
Ans A
859. What is an administrative distance of 0 mean?
A.) 0 means unbelievable
B.) 0 is for EIGRP
C.) 0 is the default distance for directly connected networks
D.) 0 means unreachable
Ans C
860. Which of the following describe full-duplex transmission?
A.) Uses a single wire
B.) Data transmission in both directions, but only one way at a time
C.) Uses a point-to-point connection from the transmitter of the
transmitting station to the receiver of the receiving station
D.) Data transmission in only one direction
Ans C
CCNA Interview Questions Page 86
<<Previous Next>>
871 What does 'P' mean when running a Trace? A.) Good route
B.) Protocol unreachable
C.) Source Quench
D.) Destination unreachable
Ans B
872. What is the Network Layer of the OSI responsible for?
A.) Bridging
B.) Routing packets through an internetwork
C.) Regenerating the digital signal
D.) Gateway services
Ans B
873 Which layer is responsible for routing through an internetwork?
A.) Physical
B.) Session
C.) Network
D.) Transport
E.) Application
F.) Data Link
Ans C
874. What three occurrences will reset the holddown timer after a triggered update?
A.) Infinity is finally defined as some max number
B.) HD Timer expires
C.) Another update is received indicating a better metric
D.) The router receives a processing task proportional to the number of links in the internetwork
E.) The router detects fault LSP's propagating through the internetwork
F.) Another update is received indicating net status changed
Ans A B C
875. Which layer is responsible for putting 1s and 0s into a logical group?
A.) Session
B.) Application
C.) Transport
D.) Data Link
E.) Physical
F.) Network
Ans E
876. How many LMI types are available on Cisco routers?
A.) Four
B.) Two
C.) Five
D.) Three Ans D
877. Which layer is responsible for framing?
A.) Application
B.) Data Link
C.) Physical
D.) Network
E.) Transport
Ans B
878. What ISDN protocol specifies concepts, terminology, and services?
A.) Q
B.) S
C.) I
D.) E
Ans C
879. What is the purpose of Split Horizon?
A.) It prevents the regular update messages from reinstating a route that has gone down
B.) Information received on an interface cannot be sent back out the same interface
C.) Informs all neighbor routers that two routes exist
D.) Tells the router the destination is unreachable
Ans B
880. WAN stands for which of the following?
A.) Wide Arena Network
B.) World Area Network
C.) Wide Area News
D.) Wide Area Network
Ans D
CCNA Interview Questions Page 87
<<Previous Next>>
871 What does 'P' mean when running a Trace?
A.) Good route
B.) Protocol unreachable
C.) Source Quench
D.) Destination unreachable
Ans B
872. What is the Network Layer of the OSI responsible for?
A.) Bridging
B.) Routing packets through an internetwork C.) Regenerating the digital signal
D.) Gateway services
Ans B
873 Which layer is responsible for routing through an internetwork?
A.) Physical
B.) Session
C.) Network
D.) Transport
E.) Application
F.) Data Link
Ans C
874. What three occurrences will reset the holddown timer after a triggered update?
A.) Infinity is finally defined as some max number
B.) HD Timer expires
C.) Another update is received indicating a better metric
D.) The router receives a processing task proportional to the number of links in the internetwork
E.) The router detects fault LSP's propagating through the internetwork
F.) Another update is received indicating net status changed
Ans A B C
875. Which layer is responsible for putting 1s and 0s into a logical group?
A.) Session
B.) Application
C.) Transport
D.) Data Link
E.) Physical
F.) Network
Ans E
876. How many LMI types are available on Cisco routers?
A.) Four
B.) Two
C.) Five
D.) Three
Ans D
877. Which layer is responsible for framing?
A.) Application
B.) Data Link
C.) Physical
D.) Network
E.) Transport
Ans B 878. What ISDN protocol specifies concepts, terminology, and services?
A.) Q
B.) S
C.) I
D.) E
Ans C
879. What is the purpose of Split Horizon?
A.) It prevents the regular update messages from reinstating a route that has gone down
B.) Information received on an interface cannot be sent back out the same interface
C.) Informs all neighbor routers that two routes exist
D.) Tells the router the destination is unreachable
Ans B
880. WAN stands for which of the following?
A.) Wide Arena Network
B.) World Area Network
C.) Wide Area News
D.) Wide Area Network
Ans D
CCNA Interview Questions Page 88
<<Previous Next>>
881. Which of the following provide connection-oriented transport to upper layer
protocols?
A.) SPX
B.) RIP
C.) NLSP
D.) NCP
Ans A
882. Which two does 100BaseT use?
A.) CSMA/CD
B.) IEEE 802.5
C.) 802.3u
D.) Switching with 53-byte cells
Ans A
883. Which layer is responsible for flow control, acknowledgement, and windowing?
A.) Transport
B.) Network
C.) Application
D.) Session E.) Physical
F.) Data Link
Ans A
884. Which of the following is used to manage and monitor the network?
A.) SNMP
B.) HTTP
C.) IP
D.) FTP
Ans A
885 What is true about Link-State protocols?
A.) They maintain a more complex table than distant vector protocols
B.) They maintain a less complex table than distant vector protocols
C.) They use routing ports
D.) The maintain backup copies of the IOS
Ans A
886. The maximum distance on a 10BaseT network from the hub to a workstation is which
of the following?
A.) 500 meters
B.) 1000 meters
C.) 100 meters
D.) 1500 meters
Ans C
887 Which of the following use PVCs at layer 2?
A.) X.25
B.) HDLC
C.) Frame relay
D.) ISDN
Ans C
888. What is the routing algorithm used by RIP and IGRP?
A.) OSPF
B.) Link-state
C.) Dynamic
D.) Distance Vector
Ans D
889. Which layer is responsible for negotiating data transfer syntax?
A.) Network
B.) Session
C.) Application D.) Transport
E.) Presentation
Ans E
890 What are hold-downs used for?
A.) To prevent regular update messages from reinstating a route that has come back up
B.) Information received on an interface cannot be sent back out the same interface
C.) To prevent regular update messages from reinstating a route that has gone down
D.) To hold the routing table from being sent to another router
Ans C
CCNA Interview Questions Page 89
<<Previous Next>>
891 Which of the following protocols are used for logical network addressing?
A.) IP
B.) TCP
C.) ARP
D.) ICMP
E.) RARP
F.) BootP
Ans A
892 Which can be logged by IPX extended access lists?
A.) source address
B.) protocol
C.) source socket
D.) access list number
E.) destination socket
F.) destination address
Ans A B S D E F
893. Put the following steps of encapsulation into the correct order:
1) The data is broken into segments to be organized
2) Frames are converted to 1s and 0s to be put on the wire
3) Packets are converted into frames
4) Information that users enter is converted into data
5) The segments are changed to packets to be routed
A.) 4, 1, 3, 2, 5
B.) 4, 5, 1, 3, 2
C.) 2, 3, 1, 4, 5
D.) 4, 1, 5, 3, 2
Ans D
894 Which port numbers are used by TCP and UDP to set up sessions with other hosts?
A.) 1024 and above
B.) 6 and 17 respectively C.) 1-25
D.) 6-17
Ans A
895 Repeaters work at which layer of the OSI model?
A.) Network
B.) Session
C.) Transport
D.) Physical
Ans D
896. What protocols can you use while testing Trace?
A.) DECnet
B.) CLNS
C.) IP
D.) Old Vines
E.) Vines
F.) Chaos
Ans B C D E
897. What utility can you use to see the path a packet takes through an internetwork?
A.) Route
B.) SNMP
C.) Trace
D.) Ping
Ans C
898 What is true about frame-relay DLCI?
A.) DLCI represents a single physical circuit
B.) DLCI is optional in all frame-relay networks
C.) DLCI identifies a logical connection between DTE devices
D.) DLCI is used to tag the beginning of a frame with VLAN information
Ans C
899 Which frame has a Type field to identify the upper-layer protocol?
A.) 802.3
B.) 802.2
C.) 802.5
D.) Ethernet_II
Ans A
900. Which protocol will let neighbor routers know if your internetwork experienced
congestion on a serial port?
A.) BootP
B.) IP C.) ICMP
D.) ARP
E.) FTP
F.) RARP
Ans C

CISCO: Computer Networking Jobs, Employment


Video: Ospf Routing Protocol Tutorial


Video: Ospf Routing Protocol Tutorial



Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is an elegant routing protocol, resulting in a more civilized network. Join Chief Geek Jimmy Ray Purser as he delves into the history of the OSPF protocol, how it works, and what a link state is.

Connecting two networks using the Cisco 2811 (Cisco Packet Tracer)

How To Configure EIGRP CCNA Exam 120-200

How to configure CCNA EIGRP ACL LAB Question

 1. EIGRP EXAM 120-200

 2. ACL EXAM

So You Want to be a Network Engineer. Here’s Where You Should Start!

First lets talk about what a Network Engineer is. According to The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. Retrieved April 27, 2015, from Dictionary.com website a Network Engineer is:

“A high-level LAN /WAN technician who plans, implements and supports network solutions between multiple platforms. A network engineer installs and maintains local area network hardware and software, and troubleshoots network usage and computer peripherals.”

Network Engineers can wear many different hats. I believe the more “Traditional” Network Engineers mainly work on devices such as Routers, Switches, Firewalls, Wireless Access Points and Controllers, Load Balancers, Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems as well as some server maintenance involving virtualization and network management software. Next we should discuss the overview of the differences between Network Engineering and Administration. Keep in mind I am just talking from an industry general view/standpoint. Some companies may not differ between the 2 titles.

Multiple Choice Questions of Computer Networking exams solutions

Multiple Choice Questions of Computer Networking exams questions that solved solutions [pdf]


1. Why IP Protocol is considered as unreliable?
A. A packet may be lost
B. Packets may arrive out of order
C. Duplicate packets may be generated
D. All of the above

2. What is the minimum header size of an IP packet?
A. 16 bytes
B. 10 bytes          
C. 20 bytes
D. 32 bytes

3. Which of following provides reliable communication?
A. TCP
B. IP
C. UDP
D. All of the above

4. What is the address size of IPv6 ?
A. 32 bit
B. 64 bit
C. 128 bit
D. 256 bit

5. What is the size of Network bits & Host bits of Class A of IP address?
A. Network bits 7, Host bits 24
B. Network bits 8, Host bits 24
C. Network bits 7, Host bits 23
D. Network bits 8, Host bits 23

6. What does Router do in a network?
A. Forwards a packet to all outgoing links
B. Forwards a packet to the next free outgoing link
C. Determines on which outing link a packet is to be forwarded
D. Forwards a packet to all outgoing links except the originated link

7. The Internet is an example of
A. Cell switched network
B. circuit switched network
C. Packet switched network
D. All of above

8. What does protocol defines?
A. Protocol defines what data is communicated.
B. Protocol defines how data is communicated.
C. Protocol defines when data is communicated.
D. All of above

9. What is the uses of subnetting?
A. It divides one large network into several smaller ones
B. It divides network into network classes
C. It speeds up the speed of network
D. None of above

10. Repeater operates in which layer of the OSI model?
A. Physical layer
B. Data link layer
C. Network layer
D. Transport layer


1 – D / 2 – C / 3 – A / 4 – C / 5 – A / 6 – C / 7 – C / 8 – D / 9 – A / 10 – A
  

Multiple Choice Questions of Computer Networking solutions

Multiple Choice Questions of Computer Networking exams questions that solved solutions [pdf]



1 Each IP packet must contain
A. Only Source address
B. Only Destination address
C. Source and Destination address
D. Source or Destination address

2 Bridge works in which layer of the OSI model?
A. Appliation layer
B. Transport layer                
C. Network layer
D. Datalink layer

3 _______ provides a connection-oriented reliable service for sending messages
A. TCP
B. IP
C. UDP
D. All of the above

Top 100 Networking Interview Questions & Answers

Top 100 Networking Interview Questions & Answers examinations solved



) What is a Link?
A link refers to the connectivity between two devices. It includes the type of cables and protocols used in order for one device to be able to communicate with the other.
2) What are the layers of the OSI reference model?
There are 7 OSI layers: Physical Layer, Data Link Layer, Network Layer, Transport Layer, Session Layer, Presentation Layer and Application Layer.
3) What is backbone network?
A backbone network is a centralized infrastructure that is designed to distribute different routes and data to various networks. It also handles management of bandwidth and various channels.

Questions on OSI Model with answers [PDF]

Networking Questions : Questions on OSI Model with answers [PDF] 


Q1-
What does the acronym OSI stand for?
Ans- Open System Interconnection. The OSI reference model is used as a guide for teaching
and understanding the way networks operate.

Q2- What are the layers of the OSI model?
Ans- Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical. An easy way to
remember the order of the layers is: A-ll P-eople S-eem T-o N-eed D-ata P-rocessing .

Q3- At which layer of the OSI model is a path decision made based upon an IP address?
Ans- Network. At the network layer, data is transported in the form of a packet.

Q4- Which of the following takes place at the presentation layer?

Ans- Encryption. The presentation layer encrypts data to be sent across the network, and
decrypts it so that it can be accessed by the application layer on the receiving end.

Q5- Which is NOT a function of the Application layer?
Ans- Windowing. Quality of Service and user authentication are also handled by the application
layer.

Q6- Which layer of the OSI model contains the LLC sub layer and the MAC sub layer?
Ans- Data Link Layer. The LLC and MAC sub layers allow for different layer 2 protocols to be
used, such as Ethernet, Token Ring and FDDI.

Q7- How can data be transported in different layers?
Ans- Data is transported in bits at the Physical layer. A bit is simply a binary digit. Either a 0 or a
1. Data is transported in segments at the Data Link layer. At the data link layer, user data is
encapsulated in a frame.

Q8- What is the function of Network Layer?
Ans- The network layer establishes the route between the sender and receiver across switching
points, which are typically routers. The most ubiquitous example of this layer is the IP protocol in
TCP/IP. IPX, SNA and AppleTalk are other examples of routable protocols, which mean that they
include a network address and a station address in their addressing system. This layer is also
the switching function of the dial-up telephone system. If all stations are contained within a single
network segment, then the routing capability in this layer is not required.

Q9- The link for a switch connection is isolated from other data traffic except for what type
of messages?
Ans- Following are the types of messagesi.
Multicast Messages – Message are sent to a specific group of hosts on the network.
ii. Broadcast Messages – Message is sent to all devices connected to the LAN.

Q10- Why are the layers of the OSI model important to the network administrator?
Ans- The Layers of OSI Model are important for the network administrator in the following
manneri.
To troubleshoot network problems by verifying functionality of each layer.
ii. In many cases it requires the network administrator to isolate at what layer the network
problem occurs.

CCNA OSI MODEL Concepts

OSI MODEL Fuctions

OSI Layers Questions and Answers in Networking

OSI Layers Questions and Answers in Networking


Which phrase describes an FTP daemon?
  • a program that is running on an FTP server

Which two actions are taken by SMTP if the destination email server is busy when email messages are sent? (Choose two.)
  • SMTP periodically checks the queue for messages and attempts to send them again
  • SMTP tries to send the messages at a later time

When would it be more efficient to use SMB to transfer files instead of FTP?
  • when downloading large numbers of files from the same server

What is an example of network communication that uses the client-server model?
  • A workstation initiates a DNS request when the user types www.cisco.com in the address bar of a web browser.

What is true about the Server Message Block protocol?
  • Clients establish a long term connection to servers.

Refer to the exhibit. What command was used to resolve a given host name by querying the name servers?
  • nslookup

Which DNS server in the DNS hierarchy would be considered authoritative for the domain name records of a company named netacad?
  • netacad.com

A user accessed the game site www.nogamename.com last week. The night before the user accesses the game site again, the site administrator changes the site IP address. What will be the consequence of that action for the user?
  • The user will access the site without problems.

Match the purpose with its DHCP message type
  • DHCPREQUEST - a message that is used to identify the explicit server and lease offer to accept
  • DHCPDISCOVER - a message that is used to locate any available DHCP server on the network
  • DHCPOFFER - a message that is used to suggest a lease to a client
  • DHCPACK - a message that is used to acknowledge that the lease is successful

What are two characteristics of peer-to-peer networks? (Choose two.)
  • resource sharing without a dedicated server
  • decentralized resources

Which three layers of the OSI model provide similar network services to those provided by the application layer of the TCP/IP model? (Choose three.)
  • session layer
  • application layer
  • presentation layer

What is an advantage for small organizations of adopting IMAP instead of POP?
  • Messages are kept in the mail servers until the client manually deletes them.

Which application layer protocol uses message types such as GET, PUT, and POST?
  • HTTP

A DHCP-enabled client PC has just booted. During which two steps will the client PC use broadcast messages when communicating with a DHCP server? (Choose two.)
  • DHCPDISCOVER
  • DHCPREQUEST

Open the PT Activity. Perform the tasks in the activity instructions and then answer the question.
Which PC or PCs are sending FTP packets to the server?
  • PC_2

Which three statements describe a DHCP Discover message? (Choose three.)
  • The destination IP address is 255.255.255.255.
  • The message comes from a client seeking an IP address.
  • All hosts receive the message, but only a DHCP server replies.

Which two tasks are functions of the presentation layer? (Choose two.)
  • Compression
  • Encryption

Fill in the blank.
What is the acronym for the protocol that is used when securely communicating with a web server?
  • HTTPS

Select three protocols that operate at the Application Layer of the OSI model. (Choose three.)
  • POP3
  • DHCP
  • FTP

Match a statement to the related network model

Peer-to-peer network
  • no dedicated server required
  • client and server roles are set on a per request basis
Peer-to-peer application
  • a background service is required
  • requires a specific user interface

A manufacturing company subscribes to certain hosted services from their ISP. The services required include hosted world wide web, file transfer, and e-mail. Which protocols represent these three key applications? (Choose three.)
  • FTP
  • HTTP
  • SMTP

Match the DNS record type to the corresponding description
  • A - end device address
  • NS - authoritative name server
  • CNAME - canonical name
  • MX - mail exchange record

Some Routing CCNA Examination Answers

Some Best Routing CCNA Examination Answers Exams solutions




What is the correct order for PDU encapsulation?
  • Frame Header-Network Header-Transport Header-Data-Frame Trailler

A PC is configured to obtain an IP address automatically from network 192.168.1.0/24. The network administrator issues the arp -a command and notices an entry of 192.168.1.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff. Which statement describes this entry?
  • This is a static map entry

Which two notations are useable nibble boundaries when subnetting in IPv6? (Choose two.)
  • /64
  • /68

What will a Layer 2 switch do when the destination MAC address of a received frame is not in the MAC table?
  • It forwards the frame out of all ports except for the port at which the frame was received.

Which two statements correctly describe a router memory type and its contents?
  • RAM is volatile and stores the IP routing table.
  • ROM is nonvolatile and contains basic diagnostic software.

What is the auto-MDIX feature on a switch?
  • the automatic configuration of an interface for a straight-through or a crossover Ethernet cable connection

What is the purpose of the routing process?
  • to select the paths that are used to direct traffic to destination networks

What is the purpose of ICMP messages?
  • to provide feedback of IP packet transmissions

Open the PT activity. Perform the tasks in the activity instructions and then fill in the blank.
The Server0 message is

  • Winner

Refer to the exhibit. Which IP addressing scheme should be changed?
  • Site 2

Which subnet would include the address 192.168.1.96 as a usable host address?
  • 192.168.1.64/26

Which subnet would include the address 192.168.1.192 as a usable host address?
  • 192.168.1.128/25

An administrator uses the Ctrl-Shift-6 key combination on a switch after issuing the ping command. What is the purpose of using these keystrokes?
  • to interrupt the ping process

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is configuring access control to switch SW1. If the administrator uses Telnet to connect to the switch, which password is needed to access user EXEC mode?
  • linevtyin

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is configuring access control to switch SW1. If the administrator uses console port to connect to the switch, which password is needed to access user EXEC mode?
  • linecoin

Refer to the exhibit. What is the significance of the asterisk (*) in the exhibited output?
  • The asterisk designates which file system is the default file system.

When applied to a router, which command would help mitigate brute-force password attacks against the router?
  • login block-for 60 attempts 5 within 60

A company has a network address of 192.168.1.64 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192. The company wants to create two subnetworks that would contain 10 hosts and 18 hosts respectively. Which two networks would achieve that?
  • 192.168.1.64/27
  • 192.168.1.96/28

Which field in an IPv4 packet header will typically stay the same during its transmission?
  • Destination Address

Refer to the exhibit.
The network administrator enters these commands into the R1 router: R1# copy running-config tftp
Address or name of remote host [ ]?
When the router prompts for an address or remote host name, what IP address should the administrator enter at the prompt?

  • 192.168.11.252

What is the effect of configuring the ipv6 unicast-routing command on a router
  • to enable the router as an IPv6 router

Refer to the exhibit. Consider the IP address configuration shown from PC1. What is a description of the default gateway address?
  • It is the IP address of the Router1 interface that connects the PC1 LAN to Router1.

Which procedure is used to reduce the effect of crosstalk in copper cables?
  • twisting opposing circuit wire pairs together

What happens when part of an Internet radio transmission is not delivered to the destination?
  • The transmission continues without the missing portion.

Which address on a PC does not change, even if the PC is moved to a different network?
  • MAC address

Three bank employees are using the corporate network. The first employee uses a web browser to view a company web page in order to read some announcements. The second employee accesses the corporate database to perform some financial transactions. The third employee participates in an important live audio conference with other corporate managers in branch offices. If QoS is implemented on this network, what will be the priorities from highest to lowest of the different data types?.
  • audio conference, financial transactions, web page

Which publicly available resources describe protocols, processes, and technologies for the Internet but do not give implementation details?
  • Request for Comments

Which three IP addresses are private ? (Choose three.)
  • 172.16.4.4
  • 10.1.1.1
  • 192.168.5.5

What is the purpose of the network security accounting function?
  • to keep track of the actions of a user

How does a Layer 3 switch differ from a Layer 2 switch?
  • An IP address can be assigned to a physical port of a Layer 3 switch. However, this is not supported in Layer 2 switches.

Which connection provides a secure CLI session with encryption to a Cisco switch?
  • an SSH connection

A network engineer is measuring the transfer of bits across the company backbone for a mission critical database application. The engineer notices that the network throughput appears lower than the bandwidth expected. Which three factors could influence the differences in throughput? (Choose three.)
  • the amount of traffic that is currently crossing the network
  • the type of traffic that is crossing the network
  • number of network devices that the data is crossing

A host PC has just booted and is attempting to lease an address through DHCP. Which two messages will the client typically broadcast on the network? (Choose two.)
  • DHCPREQUEST
  • DHCPDISCOVER

A host PC has just booted and is attempting to lease an address through DHCP. Which message will the client broadcast first on the network?
  • DHCPDISCOVER

What are the three primary functions provided by Layer 2 data encapsulation? (Choose three.)
  • data link layer addressing
  • detection of errors through CRC calculations
  • delimiting groups of bits into frames

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator wants to change the name of a brand new switch, using the hostname command as shown (Switch(config)# hostname My Switch). What prompt will display after the command is issued?​
  • Switch(config)#​

Which type of wireless security generates dynamic encryption keys each time a client associates with an AP?
  • WPA

A particular website does not appear to be responding on a Windows 7 computer. What command could the technician use to show any cached DNS entries for this web page?
  • ipconfig /displaydns

What is an important function of the physical layer of the OSI model? (Chaptr 4 exam)
  • It encodes frames into electrical, optical, or radio wave signals.

Match the phases to their correct stage in the router setup process. (Not all options are used.)
  • Stage 1 - perform the post
  • Stage 2 - load the bootstrap program
  • Stage 3 - Locate and load the Cisco IOS
  • Stage 4 - locate and load the configuration file

Match the description with the associated IOS mode. (Not all options are used.)
user EXEC mode

  • limited number of basic monitoring commands
  • the first entrance into the CLI of an IOS device
privileged EXEC mode
  • accessed by entering the enable command
  • identified by a prompt ending with the # character
global configuration mode
  • changes made affect the opperation of the device as a whole
  • accessed by entering the configure terminal command

Refer to the exhibit. A TCP segment from a server has been captured by Wireshark, which is running on a host. What acknowledgement number will the host return for the TCP segment that has been received?
  • 306

Match the IPv6 address to the IPv6 address type. (Not all options are used.)
  • Link-Local - FE80:056BA:FFEE:A0B4:47FF:FE36:532B and FE80::1
  • Multicast - FF02::2 and FF02::1:FF3A:25C9
  • Global Unicast - 2DD1:D88:10::12 and 2001:DB8:A1:0B:C78::1

What is a characteristic of the LLC sublayer?.
  • It places information in the frame that allows multiple Layer 3 protocols to use the same network interface and media.

On which switch interface would an administrator configure an IP address so that the switch can be managed remotely?
  • VLAN 1

During data communications, a host may need to send a single message to a specific group of destination hosts simultaneously. This message is in the form of a _____ message
  • multicast

Which function is provided by TCP?
  • detection of missing packets

Open the PT Activity. Perform the tasks in the activity instructions and then answer the question.
Which IPv6 address is assigned to the Serial0/0/0 interface on RT2?

  • 2001:db8:abc:5::1

A host is accessing a Web server on a remote network. Which three functions are performed by intermediary network devices during this conversation? (Choose three.)
  • regenerating data signals
  • providing a channel over which messages travel
  • notifying other devices when errors occur

In which default order will a router search for startup configuration information?
  • NVRAM, TFTP, setup mode

What two preconfigured settings that affect security are found on most new wireless routers? (Choose two.)
  • broadcast SSID
  • default administrator password

What will happen if the default gateway address is incorrectly configured on a host?
  • The host cannot communicate with hosts in other networks.

What is the purpose of having a converged network?
  • to reduce the cost of deploying and maintaining the communication infrastructure

Refer to the exhibit. Which area would most likely be an extranet for the company network that is shown?
  • area C

After making configuration changes, a network administrator issues a copy running-config startup-config command in a Cisco switch. What is the result of issuing this command?
  • The new configuration will be loaded if the switch is restarted.

Which parameter does the router use to choose the path to the destination when there are multiple routes available?
  • the lower metric value that is associated with the destination network

Refer to the exhibit (PC0 and PC1 connected to S1, PC2 and PC3 connected to S2, S1 connected to S2). A ping to PC3 is issued from PC0, PC1, and PC2 in this exact order. Which MAC addresses will be contained in the S1 MAC address table that is associated with the Fa0/1 port (port connecting S1 to S2)?
  • just PC0 and PC1 MAC addresses

During normal operation, from which location do most Cisco switches and routers run the IOS?
  • RAM

Which two components are necessary for a wireless client to be installed on a WLAN? (Choose two.)
  • wireless NIC
  • wireless client software

A technician uses the ping 127.0.0.1 command. What is the technician testing?
  • the TCP/IP stack on a network host

Which technology provides a solution to IPv4 address depletion by allowing multiple devices to share one public IP address?
  • NAT

A frame is transmitted from one networking device to another. Why does the receiving device check the FCS field in the frame?
  • to check the frame for possible transmission errors

What method is used to manage contention-based access on a wireless network?
  • CSMA/CA

Which three statements characterize the transport layer protocols? (Choose three.)
  • TCP and UDP port numbers are used by application layer protocols.
  • TCP uses windowing and sequencing to provide reliable transfer of data.
  • TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. UDP is a connectionless protocol.

Copper cables
  • horizontal cabling structure, desktop PCs in an enterprise office
Fiber optic
  • backbone cabling in an enterprise, long-haul networks
Wireless
  • guest access in a coffee shop
  • waiting rooms in a hospital

A home user is looking for an ISP connection that provides high speed digital transmission over regular phone lines. What ISP connection type should be used?
  • DSL

Best Wireless Networking Terminology

At its most basic, wireless communication is the sending and receiving of data through airwaves. But the CCENT certification exam expects you to understand wireless terminology and concepts. The following are some key points to remember for the exam:

Know the following organizations that help define wireless:

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE): Creates the wireless standards, such as 802.11a/b/g/n

Federal Communications Commission (FCC): Regulates the use of wireless devices (licenses of frequencies)

WiFi-Alliance: Ensures compatibility of wireless components. The WiFi-Alliance is responsible for testing and certification of wireless devices.

Know the two types of wireless networks:

Ad hoc mode: No wireless access point is used. The wireless clients communicate in a peer-to-peer environment.

Infrastructure mode: Uses a wireless access point

Know the IEEE Standards for wireless:

802.11a: A wireless standard that uses the 5 GHz frequency range and runs at 54 Mbps.

802.11b: A wireless standard that uses the 2.4 GHz frequency range and runs at 11 Mbps. The WiFi standard was created and 802.11b is part of that standard. This is the frequency used by cordless phones and microwaves, so you may experience interference from those devices. As a correction, you can change the channel of the wireless network or purchase phones that use a different frequency.

802.11g: A wireless standard, which is compatible with 802.11b, that also uses the 2.4 GHz frequency range and runs at 54 Mbps.

802.11n: A new wireless standard that can use either the 2.4 GHz frequency range or the 5 GHz frequency range and is compatible with 802.11a/b/g. 802.11n has a transfer rate of approximately 150 Mbps.

Other wireless terms to know for the exam:

Basic Service Set (BSS): A wireless network consisting of one access point using an SSID. If you had three access points, each using a different SSID, then this would be three BSS networks.

Extended Service Set (ESS): A wireless network comprising multiple access points using the same SSID.

Be sure to know the configuration requirements to set up an ESS:

The SSID on each access point must be the same.

The range of the access points must overlap by 10% or more.

Each access point must use a different channel.

Know the difference between the different wireless encryption types:

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP): An old wireless encryption protocol that involves configuring a pre-shared key on the access point and the wireless client that is used to encrypt and decrypt data. WEP uses the RC4 encryption algorithm with the pre-shared key and is not considered secure due to the way the key is used. WEP supports 64-bit and 128-bit encryption.

WiFi Protected Access (WPA): The improvement on WEP that adds the TKIP protocol in order to perform key rotation to help improve on the fact that WEP uses a static key. WPA has two modes: personal mode involves configuring a pre-shared key, and enterprise mode can use an authentication server such as RADIUS.

WiFi Protected Access 2 (WPA2): Improves upon WPA by changing the encryption algorithm to the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and supports both personal mode and enterprise mode.

The following are some key points regarding best practices to improve the security of your wireless network:

Disable wireless: If you aren't using wireless, then disable the wireless functionality on the wireless router.

Change the SSID: Make sure you change the SSID to something meaningless. You don't want the SSID set to a value that will help the hacker identify the building you're in because he could move closer to the building to get a stronger signal.

Disable SSID broadcasting: After disabling SSID broadcasting. the router won't advertise the existence of the wireless network. This makes it harder for someone to connect because they have to manually configure their client for the SSID name.

Implement MAC filtering: MAC filtering allows you to limit who can connect to the wireless network by the MAC address of the network card.

Implement encryption: Be sure to encrypt wireless traffic with WEP, WPA, or WPA2. WPA2 is the most secure of the three.

Configuring Routing for the Commands

Routing protocols will certainly come up on your CCENT certification exam. This section reviews popular commands that deal with routing and routing protocols, such as RIPv1 and RIPv2.

Command(s) Result
ip routing Enables routing on the router. Should be on by default.
no ip routing Disables routing on the router.
show ip route Displays the routing table.
ip route 23.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 22.0.0.2 Adds a static route to the router for the 23.0.0.0 network and sends any data for that network to the 22.0.0.2 address (next hop).
no ip route 23.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 22.0.0.2 Deletes the static route from the routing table.
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 22.0.0.2 Sets the gateway of last resort on the router to forward any packets with unknown destinations to the 22.0.0.2 address.
ROUTERB>enable
ROUTERB#config term
ROUTERB(config)#router rip
ROUTERB(config-router)#network 26.0.0.0
ROUTERB(config-router)#network 27.0.0.0 Configures the router for RIPv1. RIP is a dynamic routing protocol that is used to share routing information with other routers running RIP. In this example, RIP will share knowledge of the 26.0.0.0 and the 27.0.0.0 networks.
ROUTERB>enable
ROUTERB#config term
ROUTERB(config)#router rip
ROUTERB(config-router)#network 26.0.0.0
ROUTERB(config-router)#network 27.0.0.0
ROUTERB(config-router)#version 2 To configure the router for RIPv2, you use the same commands but add the "version 2" command at the end.
show ip protocols Display what routing protocols are running on the router.
debug ip rip Enable RIP debugging, which will display RIP related messages on the screen as RIP-related events occur (packets are sent and received).
no debug all Turns off debugging once you are done troubleshooting RIP.

Network Cabling for the CCENT Certification Exam

The CCENT certification tests you on the different types of cabling that are used in different scenarios. The following are some key points to remember about network cabling.

Rollover cable: A rollover cable is also known as a console cable and gets the name rollover because the order of the wires from one end of the cable to the other are totally reversed, or rolled over. The rollover/console cable is used to connect a computer to the console port or auxiliary port of the router for administration purposes.

Back-to-back serial cable: The back-to-back serial cable is used to connect two Cisco routers directly together over a serial link. A back-to-back serial link will have one router act as the DCE device with the clock rate set and the other router act as the DTE device.

Straight-through cable: A straight-through cable is used to connect dissimilar devices together. Scenarios that use straight-through cables are computer-to-switch and switch-to-router.

Crossover cable: A crossover cable has wires 1 and 2 switch positions with wires 3 and 6 on one end and is used to connect similar devices together. Scenarios that use crossover cables are computer-to-computer, switch-to-switch, and computer-to-router (they are both hosts).

Coaxial cable: A network cable type used in old Ethernet environments, such as 10Base2 and 10Base5. Coaxial cable is seen in high-speed Internet connections with cable companies today.

Fiber optic cable: A unique cable type that has a glass core which carries pulses of light as opposed to copper cable carrying electrical signals (coax and twisted pair cabling).

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