201 Identify the 3 methods routers learn paths to destinations?
A.) Dynamic routing
B.) None of the above,
configured by default
C.) Default routes
D.) Administrative distance
E.) Static routes
Ans A C E
Routers can learn paths via 3 different sources; static routes, dynamic routing protocols (i.e. RIP)
and default routes.
202 Identify the purpose of the following command 'ip route 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0
10.1.0.1'
A.) Enabling a dynamic routing protocol
B.) Creating a static route to the 10.1.0.0 network
C.) Teaches the router about the distant network 192.168.100.0 and how it can be reached via
10.1.0.1
D.) Assigning the IP address 192.168.100.0 to an interface
Ans C
A static routes teaches the router about a distant network and the next hop to reach that network.
Command syntax:
ip route network-address subnet-mask next-hop-address
203 Based upon the 1st octet rule identify the range for a Class A address?
A.) 1 - 126
B.) 192 - 223
C.) 128 - 191
D.) 1 - 191
Ans A
Class A address has the 1st octet between 1 - 126. Class B between 128 - 191 and Class C
between 192 - 223.
204 What does a Standard IP Access-list use as test criteria?
A.) IP source address
B.) IP source and destination address, protocol numbers and port numbers
C.) IPX source and destination address
D.) Source MAC address
Ans A
Standard IP access list use only source address.
205 What is the function of the Transport layer and which protocols reside there?
A.) MAC addressing - IP
B.) Interhost communication - SQL, NFS
C.) Best effort Packet delivery - TCP, UDP
D.) End-to-end connections - TCP, UDP
Ans D
Layer 4, the Transport layer, is responsible for end-to-end connections. The two TCP/IP protocols
that reside there are TCP and UDP.
206 Identify the 3 Internet layer IP protocols?
A.) NetBios
B.) IPX
C.) ARP
D.) IP
E.) RARP
Ans C D E
NetBios and IPX are not layer 3 IP protocols. IP - Internet Protocol, ARP - Address Resolution
Protocol and RARP - Reverse Address Resolution Protocol.
207 IPX routing updates occur how often?
A.) Every 30 seconds
B.) Every 60 seconds
C.) Only as needed
D.) When the remote router asks for an update
Ans B
IPX RIP updates are exchanged every 60 seconds.
208 Identify 3 methods not used to prevent routing loops?
A.) Holddown timers
B.) Sequence numbers
C.) Triggered updates
D.) Split horizon E.) Area hierarchies
F.) Order of router startup
Ans B E F
Area hierarchies, sequence numbers and order of router startup all relate to Link State routing
protocols which do NOT incur routing loops.
209 Identify the hardware component that stores the bootstrap program?
A.) ROM
B.) NVRAM
C.) Booter load
D.) RAM
E.) Flash
Ans A
ROM contains the boot strap code.
210 Which OSI layer provides mechanical, electrical, procedural for activating, maintaining
physical link?
A.) Presentation
B.) Network
C.) Application
D.) Physical
E.) Transport
F.) Data-Link
Ans D
Layer 1 the Physical layer performs this function.
Layer 6 the Presentation layers performs this function.
CCNA
211 Identify 2 characteristics of PPP?
A.) Uses LLC to establish the link
B.) Default serial encapsulation
C.) Support multiple layer 3 protocols
D.) Offers two types of authentication; PAP and CHAP
Ans C D
PPP is not the default encapsulation and uses LCP not LLC to establish the link. It support
multiple layer 3 protocols and supports authentication.
212 Identify 3 characteristics of a connection oriented protocol?
A.) Path determination
B.) Flow control
C.) Acknowledgements D.) Uses hop count as metric
E.) 3 step handshake
Ans B C E
Connection oriented protocols must first establish the connection (3 step handshake), employ
methods to acknowledge the receipt of data (acknowledgements) and slow down the flow of data
if required (flow control).
213 What is the maximum hop count for IP RIP?
A.) Infinity
B.) 16
C.) 15
D.) 1
Ans C
15 is the maximum hop count, underscoring the size limitation of RIP.
214 What is Cisco's default encapsulation method on serial interfaces?
A.) ANSI
B.) Cisco
C.) Q933a
D.) HDLC
Ans D
Cisco's implementation of HDLC is only compatible with Cisco routers. It is the default
encapsulation type for serial interfaces.
215 Which of the following is a characteristic of a switch, but not of a repeater?
A.) Switches forward packets based on the IPX or IP address in the frame
B.) Switches forward packets based on the IP address in the frame
C.) Switches forward packets based on the MAC address in the frame
D.) Switches forward packets based only on the IP address in the packet
Ans C
A repeater regenerates the signal it receives, a switch makes decisions based upon MAC
addresses to determine whether a frame should be forwarded. Repeaters forward all packets.
216 Ping uses which Internet layer protocol?
A.) RARP
B.) ICMP
C.) ARP
D.) FTP
Ans B
Internet Control Message Protocol - ICMP is a management protocol and messaging service
provider for IP. Its messages are carried as IP datagrams.
ICMP is used in the following events:
Destination Unreachable - If a router cannot send an IP packet any further, it uses an ICMP echo
to send a message back to the sender notifying it that the remote node is unreachable. Buffer Full - If a routers memory buffer is full ICMP will send out a message to the originator.
Hops - Each IP datagram is assigned a path. This consists of hops. If it goes through the
maximum number of hops, the packet is discarded and the discarding router sends an ICMP
echo to the host.
Ping - Ping use ICMP echo message to check connectivity.
217 Which is true regarding store-and-forward switching method?
A.) Latency varies depending on frame-length
B.) Latency is constant
C.) It is default for all Cisco switches
D.) It only reads the destination hardware address before forwarding the frame
Ans A
Store-and-Forward switching copies the entire frame into its buffer and computes the CRC. If a
CRC error is detected, the frame is discarded, or if the frame is a runt (less than 64 bytes
including the CRC) or a giant (more than 1518 bytes including the CRC). The LAN switch then
looks up the destination address in its switching table and determines the outgoing interface. The
frame is then forwarded to the outgoing interface. Cisco Catalyst 5000 switches uses the Storeand-Forward
method. The problem with Store-and-Forward switching is latency is increased.
Latency also varies with the size of the frame. The larger the frame, the more latency associated.
This of course is due to the fact that the entire frame is copied into its buffer before being
forwarded.
218 Which three of the following are true statements about connection-oriented sessions?
A.) The segments delivered are acknowledged back to the sender upon their reception
B.) Any segments not acknowledged the are retransmitted by the receiver
C.) A manageable data flow is maintained in order to avoid congestion, overloading and loss of
any data
D.) Segments are sequenced back into their proper order upon arrival at their destination
Ans A C D
Connection-oriented services are useful for transmitting data from applications that are intolerant
of delays and packet re-sequencing. FTP and Telnet applications are based on connectionoriented
services as well as some voice and video programs. Any segment that is not
acknowledged by the received is retransmitted by the sender.
219 What does a metric of 16 hops represent when using RIP?
A.) Number of hops to the destination
B.) Destination unreachable
C.) Number of routers
D.) Bandwidth
Ans B
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector routing protocol that used hop count as its
metric. The maximum hop count is 15, 16 hops is considered unreachable. RIP updates are
broadcast every 30 seconds by default. RIP has an administrative distance of 120.
220 You need to come up with a TCP/IP addressing scheme for your company. Which two
factors must you consider when you define the subnet mask for the network?
A.) The location of DHCP servers B.) The volume of traffic on each subnet
C.) The number of subnets on the network
D.) The location of the default gateway
E.) The number of host IDs on each subnet
Ans C E
When determining which subnet mask to use, you must determine how many hosts and how
many subnets are required.
221 What is the difference between TCP and UDP?
A.) TCP is connection-oriented; UDP uses acknowledgements only
B.) TCP is connection-oriented; UDP is connectionless
C.) Both TCP and UDP are connection-oriented, but only TCP uses windowing
D.) TCP and UDP both have sequencing, but UDP is connectionless
The correct answer(s): B
TCP provides guaranteed connection oriented delivery of packets, UDP does not.
222 What does the 'S' mean when looking at the routing table?
A.) Statically connected
B.) Directly connected
C.) Dynamically attached
D.) Shutdown route
Ans A
Statically connected routes are those that an administrator has manually entered into the routing
table.
223 Why would you use static routing instead of dynamic routing?
A.) When you want automatic updates of the routing tables
B.) All the time
C.) When you have very few routes and want to conserve bandwidth
D.) When you have a gateway of last resort
Ans C
Static routes are typically used when there are very few routes and you want to conserve
bandwidth. Since routing protocols are constantly sending their updates across the wire, it can
cause a great deal of congestion.
224 On Cisco catalyst 5000 how would you set the second port on the controller in the first
slot to full duplex?
A.) Set port duplex 1/1 full
B.) Set port duplex 1/2 full
C.) Set port duplex 0/1 full
D.) Set port duplex 0/2 full
Ans B
The syntax is: set type duplex slot/port <full/half>
225 What does the acronym ARP stand for? A.) Address Resolution Phase
B.) ARP Resolution Protocol
C.) Address Resolution Protocol
D.) Address Recall Protocol
Ans C
The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) resolved IP addresses to MAC addresses.
226 What is the default encapsulation of Netware 3.12?
A.) Ethernet_II
B.) 802.5
C.) 802.2
D.) 802.3
Ans C
The 802.2 Frame Type is the default frame-type for Netware 3.12.
227 Regarding frame relay, which of the following statements are true?
A.) You must use ANSI encapsulation if connecting to non-Cisco equipment
B.) You must use IETF encapsulation if connecting to non-Cisco equipment
C.) You must use Q.933a encapsulation if connecting to non-Cisco equipment
D.) You must use Cisco encapsulation if connecting to non-Cisco equipment
Ans B
Cisco's encapsulation for Frame relay is proprietary. To communicate with non-Cisco equipment
when using frame-relay encapsulation, the IETF method must be used.
228 What is required to support full-duplex Ethernet?
A.) Multiple paths between multiple stations on a link
B.) Automatic sensing operation by all connected stations
C.) Loopback and collision detection disabled
D.) Full-duplex NIC cards
Ans C D
Full duplex ethernet requires that the NIC supports full-duplex, and loopback and collision
detection are disabled.
229 Which layer is responsible for determining if sufficient resources for the intended
communication exists?
A.) Application
B.) Network
C.) Session
D.) Presentation
E.) Transport
Ans A
The Application layer is responsible for determining if sufficient resources for the intended
communication exists.
230 What are the 2 functions of the Data Link Mac layer?
A.) Handles access to shared media B.) Manages protocol access to the physical network medium
C.) Provides SAPs for higher level protocols
D.) Allows multiple devices to uniquely identify one another on the data link layer
Ans B D
Media Access Control (MAC) -The MAC sublayer manages protocol access to the physical
network medium. The IEEE MAC specification defines MAC addresses, which allow multiple
devices to uniquely identify one another at the data link layer.
CCNA
231 Describe End to End network services: (Choose all that apply)
A.) Best Route selection
B.) Accomplished Segment by Segment, each segment is autonomous
C.) Flow Control & Data Integrity
D.) Best efforts packet delivery
Ans A B C D
All of the above End to End network services.
232 Which of the following provide correct information about a protocol at the transport
layer of the OSI model?
A.) UDP - Provides Connectionless datagrams service
B.) TCP - Provides Connection Oriented Services
C.) SMTP - Provides Mail Exchange
D.) IP - Route determination
E.) TCP - Provides Flow Control and Error Checking
F.) FTP - Transfers of Files
Ans A B E
Only TCP and UDP work at the Transport layer of the above choices. IP is a Network layer
protocol. SMTP and FTP are application layer protocols.
233 Which protocol works at the Internet layer and is responsible for making routing
decisions?
A.) UDP
B.) IP
C.) TCP
D.) ARP
Ans B
Internet Protocol - IP provides routing and a single interface to the upper layers. No upper layer
protocol and now lower layer protocol have any functions relating to routing. IP receives
segments from the transport layer and fragments them into packets including the hosts IP
address.
234 Which layer is responsible for providing mechanisms for multiplexing upper-layer
application, session establishment, and tear down of virtual circuits?
A.) Session
B.) Network C.) Physical
D.) Transport
E.) Application
F.) Presentation
Ans D
The Transport layer does the following: Responsible for end-to-end integrity of data transmission.
Handles multiplexing upper-layer application, session establishment and tear down of virtual
circuits. Hides details of network dependent info from the higher layers by providing transparent
data transfer. The 'windows' works at this level to control how much information is transferred
before an acknowledgement is required.
235 Which of the following are logged when IP access list logging is enabled?
A.) source address
B.) protocol
C.) source port
D.) destination address
E.) access list number
F.) destination port
Ans A B C D E F
All of the above are logged when IP access list logging is enabled.
236 What's the default CDP holdtime in seconds for Cisco routers?
A.) 30 seconds
B.) 180 seconds
C.) 90 seconds
D.) 60 seconds
Ans B
Cisco Discovery Protocol is a proprietary protocol to allow you to access configuration information
on other routers and switches with a single command. It uses SNAP at the Data-Link Layer. By
default CDP sends out a broadcast every 60 seconds and it holds this information for 180
seconds. CDP is enabled by default.
237 Which two of the following protocols are used at the Transport layer?
A.) ARP
B.) UDP
C.) ICMP
D.) RARP
E.) TCP
F.) BootP
Ans B E
TCP and UDP operate at the Transport layer.
238 LAN stands for which of the following?
A.) Local Area Network
B.) Local Arena Network
C.) Local Area News
D.) Logical Area Network
Ans A
LAN stands for Local Area Network
239 Choose three reasons why the networking industry uses a layered model:
A.) It facilitates systematic troubleshooting
B.) It allows changes in one layer to occur without changing other layers
C.) It allows changes to occur in all layers when changing one protocol
D.) It clarifies how to do it rather than what general function to be done
E.) It clarifies what general function is to be done rather than how to do it
Ans A B E
Why do we have a Layered Model?
1) It reduces complexity
2) Allows for a standardized interface
3) Facilitates modular engineering
4) Ensures interoperable technology
5) Accelerates evolution
6) Simplifies teaching and learning
240 Which layer is responsible for identifying and establishing the availability of the
intended communication partner?
A.) Application
B.) Presentation
C.) Transport
D.) Session
E.) Network
Ans A
The Application layer performs the following: Synchronizing sending and receiving applications.
Program-to program communication. Identify and establish the availability of the intended
communication partner, and determine if sufficient resources exist for the communication.
Popular application protocols include WWW, SMTP, EDI, FTP, Telnet, and SNMP
241 A ISDN PRI circuit can be described as which of the following?
A.) 24 B channels and 1-64Kbps D channel
B.) 23 B channels and 1-64Kbps D channel
C.) 2-D channels and 1-C channel
D.) 2-64Kbps B channels and 1-16Kbps D channel
Ans B
There are two types of ISDN Channels:
BRI (Basic Rate Interface) - is 2 64Kbps B channels for data and one 16Kbps D channel for link
management.
PRI (Primary Rate Interface) - is 23Kbps B channels and 1 64Kbps D channel.
242 What are 3 ways to provide login access to router?
A.) Console
B.) TFTP C.) Rlogin
D.) Auxiliary Port
E.) X Windows
F.) Telnet
Ans A D F
The three ways to provide login access to the router are via the Console port, auxiliary port, and
virtual terminal (Telnet)
243 Which of the following statements are true?
A.) Store and forward switching creates variable latency through the switch
B.) Cut through switching creates variables latency through the switch
C.) Cut through switching works at wire speed
D.) Store and forward switching works at wire speed
Ans A C
The larger the packet, the greater the latency when using a switch with Store and Forward
methods. This is due to the fact that Store and Forward switching copies the entire Frame into its
buffer before forwarding the frame. Cut Through switching only examines the destination address
before forwarding the packet and does not copy the frame into its buffer.
244 Which of the following can reply to a Novell Get Nearest Server (GNS) request?
A.) Local Novell server
B.) Remote Novell Printer
C.) Cisco router
D.) Novell client
Ans A C
Cisco routers can act like Novell servers to an extent. They can answer Get Nearest Server
request by clients. Of course, both Local and Remote Novell servers can reply to the GNS
request. As with Novell servers, Cisco routers can be configured to either reply, or not reply to
GNS request by clients. Since each Novell server and Cisco router builds a dynamic table of
resources, they can reply to a clients request for the available resources closest to them.
245 Identify the 3 kinds of routes IGRP advertises?
A.) Interior
B.) Dynamic
C.) System
D.) Exterior
Ans A C D
IGRP is a distance vector routing protocol designed by Cisco. The maximum hop count is 255,
and it uses a combination of variables to determine a composite metric. IGRP has an
administrative distance of 100. There are three types of routes IGRP advertises: 1) Interior, 2)
Exterior, and 3) System.
246 What is the routing metric used by RIP?
A.) Route poisoning
B.) Split horizon
C.) Hop Count
D.) TTL
Ans C
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector routing protocol that used hop count as its
metric. The maximum hop count is 15, 16 hops is considered unreachable. RIP updates are
broadcast every 30 seconds by default. RIP has an administrative distance of 120.
247 What is the default encapsulation and frame type on an Ethernet interface when
enabling Novell?
A.) SNAP
B.) Ethernet_II
C.) 802.2
D.) 802.3
E.) SAP
F.) Token_SNAP
Ans D
By default, when an encapsulation type is not specified, the 802.3 frame type is used.
248 What is true when creating static route?
A.) The mask parameter is optional
B.) The administrative distance is required
C.) The gateway parameter is required
D.) The administrative distance is optional
Ans C D
When creating a static route, the gateway parameter is required, but the administrative distance
is optional. The correct syntax is: Router(config)# ip route <network> <mask> <address |
interface> <admin distance>
249 Of the following switching types, which one has the highest latency?
A.) Cut-through
B.) None
C.) Store-and-forward
D.) Fragment Free
Ans C
Store-and-Forward switching copies the entire frame into its buffer and computes the CRC. If a
CRC error is detected, the frame is discarded, or if the frame is a runt (less than 64 bytes
including the CRC) or a giant (more than 1518 bytes including the CRC). The LAN switch then
looks up the destination address in its switching table and determines the outgoing interface. The
frame is then forwarded to the outgoing interface. Cisco Catalyst 5000 switches uses the Storeand-Forward
method. The problem with Store-and-Forward switching is latency is increased.
Latency also varies with the size of the frame. The larger the frame, the more latency associated.
This of course is due to the fact that the entire frame is copied into its buffer before being
forwarded.
250 What does the IPX maximum path command do?
A.) Allows you to disable the TTL on an IPX packet
B.) This parameter is only used in NLSP routing
C.) Sets the maximum metric that can appear in the routing table
D.) Configures round robin load sharing over multiple equal metric paths (parallel paths)
Ans D
The ipx maximum path command allows you to configure parallel paths for load sharing.CCNA
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